Apparatus for bringing liquids and gases or vapors into contact with each other.



W. PEI-D, DEJD.

K. E. MARKEL, ADMINISTRATOR. APPARATUS FOR BRINGING LIQUIDS ANDGASES 0RVAPORS INTO CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1914. 1,1 10,914 Patented Sept.15,1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR 7% Duo W. PELD, DEGD.

' K. E. MARKEL, ADMINISTRATOR.

APPARATUS FOR BRINGING LIQUIDS AND GASES 0R VAPORS INTO CONTACT WITHEAOHOTHER.

APPLICATION TILED JULY 1B, 1914.

1,1 10,914. I Patented Sept15,19141.

4 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

fine rvze y s W. FELD, DBGD. 1:.2. MARKBL, ADMINISTRATOR APPARATUS FORBRINGING LIQUIDS AND GASES 0R VAPOES INTO CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY18, 1914.

' Patented Sept 15, 1914.

rv/T/vEss s NHRL EMIL MHHKEL,

W. PELD, DEGD.

K. E. MARKEL, ADMINISTRATOR. APPARATUS FOR BRINGING LIQUIDS AND GASES ORVAPORS INTO CONTACT WITH EAOH OTHER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1914. 1,1 10,91 Patented Sept. 15, 1914.

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tactof gases,

1 be used and the liquid DECEASED,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL EMIL MARKEL, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, re-

siding at 20 Queens Gate Terrace, London,

England, administrator of the estate of WALTHER FELD, Emperor, deceased,who invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for BringingLiquids and Gases or Vapors into Contact with Each Other, do declare thefollowing to be a specification.

In the treatment of gases with liquids, for

the purpose of removlng constituents from the gases, for instance, forremoving ainmonia, hydrogen sulfid, pounds from gases resulting from drydistillation, and also in saturating liquids with v gases, or vapors,

it is necessary 'to bring into the smallest particles of the liquid andases, or vapors, and, with the object of e ecting this, a rotating bellhas been used, this bell dipping into the liquid, and the. gases, orvapors, being introduced under the said bell, the object being toimpart, by this means, rotary motion to the gases, or vapors,.with theintention of atomiz ing' them in the liquid. The gases, or vapors, wereintroduced either from above, or by'a pipe rising through the liquidinto the space under the rotating bell. In either case rotary motion wasimparted to the gases, or vapors, while the liquid was regarded as beingkept at rest, but as a matter of fact in the said operation the liquidalso moved and this in an undesirable manner intimate contact throughbeing forced away from the edge of the bell under the action ofcentrifugal force, so that the bell didnotdip as deeply into theliquidas it did before the bell was rotated, and the gases, orvapors,.did notproperly pass. through, and come into contact with, theliquid, but glided over its upper surface.

' The deceased found that the intimate conor vapors, and liquids can beobtained in a very simple and efficient manner, if a stationary hell, orstationary bells,

under, and surrounding, the bell, has rotary motion imparted to it, sothat the gas issuing'from the bell, or bells, is drawn into the rotatingliquid and atomized to form more, or less, minute bub- I INZ, GERMANY,BY KA J ADMINISTRATOR, OF 'LONDQN, .EIYIGLAlll'lll.

APPARATUS FOR BRINGING- LIQUIDS AND 0R,

' EACH OTHER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed July 18, 1914.Seriallto.

late a subject of the German or cyanogen comvaroas INTO common manPatented Sept. 1L5, 19M. 851,805. a

bles in the liquid. When the liquid is not rotated (as is the casein theordinary way) the gases, or vapors, meet with a resistance correspondingto the depth to which the bell is mmersed. The deceased ifound that thisresistance decreases when the liquid is set in rotation in accordancewith th1s invention. Even if the device which imparts rotation to theliquid be arranged at some considerable distance below the bell, orbells, the gases, or vapors, are drawn into the liquid up to the saidwhile, at the same time, the upper surface of the liquid surrounding thebell, or bells, rises above its level when deceased found that the ofrotation of the liquid, sistance offered to the gases, or vapors, and te pressure of the gases, or vapors, atomized in the liquid is therebyconsiderably increased so that some of the bubbles of gas, or vapor, areeven driven down to the bottom of the liquid chamber.

Any suitable rotatable device can be used for the purpose of giving therequired motion to the iquid. For instance a plain circular disk rotatedunder the stationary bell by a concentric shaft may be used, and such anarran ement has the advantage that the require action is obtained withan expenditure of power Which is considerably less than that requiredfor rotating a bell. When the disk rotates the liquid is forced to theedge of the disk, and the gas, or vapor, is drawn in from the bell up tothe disk and atomized into the liquid. If the middle of the disk beprovided with a concentric opening, gas, or vapor, from the bell, abovethe diskis, in consequence of the centrifugal force, drawn in aridpressed below the disk into the liquid andy'ery finely atomized belowthe disk and at the edge thereof, and the gas, or vapor, penetrates intothe liquid, to a lower level than the level to which the bell dips, thatis to say, the pressure of the gas, or vapor, drawn into the liquid isincreased by the rotation of the liquid and the efiiciency of the actionis increased, less power being required for working the air pump,

greater the speed the less is the reenetration of the aspirator, fan,injector, or other device forcstationary, and the r produced under thebell, or the equivalent,

amounting, according to the velocity of they liquid, to say from 100, to200, millimeters of water. If the central opening in the disk, or theouter edgeof the disk, or both, be provided with a cylindrical, orconoidal projecting rim, the atomization of the gas, or vapor, caused bythe suction is still further increased. A further advantage of thisinvention 'is that the device for imparting rotary movement to theliquid can be so made that it constantly brings liquid from the lowestpart of the liquid-container to the upper surface and thereby constantlybrings fresh particles of liquid into contact with the gases, or vapors,and by a combination of i this device with the aforesaid disk thedesired action is further considerably increased. Y

A further increase of the desired action is obtained if the lower edgeof the bell and the lower, or upper edge, or both the lower, and upperedges, of the rotating devicebe perforated, or notched. Disks withperforations in them, also increase the efiiciency of the action.

The accompanying drawings illustrate, in vertical section,.various formsof apparatus according to this invention.

In all the figures a indicates the stationary bell, 6 indicates thevessel containing the liquid, 0 indicates the vertical shaft, on

which is carried the rotating device d, e indicates the pipe forsupplying gas to the bell, and f indicates the gas outlet pipe,

while g indicates the upper surface of the liquid.

This invention is however not limited to the details illustrated as theymaybe varied without departing from the nature of the invention. I

Figure 1 shows a rotating device with stirrin arms d arrangeddiametrically opposite eac other with the lower edge of the bellnotched,- while, in the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the bell is notnotched, and screw propeller blades are shown in place of the plainarms.

In Fig. 3 the rotatlng device consists of a plain. horizontal disk andthe bell a, is notched and isprovided, at its lower part, with anannular inverted trough, .or' second concentric bell, z. I

Fig. 4: shows a modification in which a second inverted trough, or smallbell, is attached to the outer side of the bell a, and

there is a central opening 70, in the disk d,

which openingis provided with an upward flange Z, for the purpose ofincreasing the suction effect. Fig. 5 shows such a disk provided on theouter periphery with a second flange m, by which the suction effect isfurther increased.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 the device (1, consists of aninverted frustum' this arrangement the said inverted troughs,

or concentric bells, may dip into the liquid,

to the same, or different, depths, but it is generally preferred thatthe outward concentric inverted trough, or bell, shall dip to a lessdepth into the liquid than does the inward bell.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 the rotating device consists of afrustum of a cone having notches at its lower edge, and with oneadditional inverted trough, or small bell, h.

In Fig. 9 the device d, is a frustum of a cone which surrounds theexterior of the lower edge of the bell a.

In the arrangement Fig. 10 a horizontal rotatable disk d, is provlded atits center with an opening 7:, and below it is a complete disk d.

Fig. 11 shows an arrangement wherein the rotating device (2, consists ofa frustu'm of a cone inside another frustum of-a cone with an upperperforated cylindrical part.

The arrangements shown in Figs. 12 to 20 comprise rotating devices whichsimultaneously draw the liquid from the lower part of theliquid-containing vessel, and raise it to the upper level and partlyatomize the gases, or vapors, in a reverse direction in the zontal disk(2, carried by the part d. Fig. I

14 shows the rotating device (1, as consisting of a trumpet like bodyopen at-its upper end and having, at its lower end,-in1ets, or

pipes, opening in such a direction that, during rotation the liquid isforced thereinto, the said liquid rising into the said device and beingwhirled out of the upper flared end thereof. In Figs. 15 and 16 therotating device d, consists of troughs, or trays, open at the top andprovided at the bottom with two, or more, pipes a through which theliquid is forced in consequence of the rotation of the device. If thewalls of the troughs be erforated, the raised liquid will be atomizedthrough the perforations. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 17 therotatmama ing device J, consists of a spherical body which, at its lowerpart, is provided with an opening 5, drawing in the liquid, and at theside it lsprovided with two, or more, cylindrical, or conical, pipeshaving openings 0, by which the liquid is atomized laterally. In thearrangement shown in Fig. 18 the device d, consists of a bodywhichcomprises a lower trumpet-shaped part and a converging upper parthaving the shape of an inverted funnel. At the junction of these twoparts are openings 0. The lower trumpetshaped portion is open at itslower and narrower part 71 The rotation of "the device causes liquid tobe drawn in at the lower part and to be whirled out at the upper partthrough the openings 0. The upper part above the openings may be eitheropen, or closed. Fig. 19 shows an arrangement like Fig. 12 but with therotating body d, formed of two frusta of cones d and d and Fig. 20 showsthe device d, as "consisting of a frustum of a cone d, provided at itsupper edge with a horizontal flange d, and between this and the bottomedge of the bell a, is an annulus (1 On the rotation of the combineddevice the gas, or vapor, from the bell a, is sucked into the openingis, in the annulus (Z and atomized between the parts d and (P, and, atthe same time, hquid is drawn in from the lower part of the vessel 6,through the funnel d, and mixed, be-

tween the parts (2 and d with the atomized gas, or vapor.

In the arrangement shown in vertlcal section in Fig. 21 and in plan inFig: 22 the bell a, is provided externally with wings, or projections,n, which neutralize the rotation of the liquid around the bell. Thisarrangement is suitable where the dip of the bell is small, as it prevents bubbles of gas, or vapor from rising in an unatomized state at theedge of the bell. Such wings, or projections, can be arranged at thelower part only of the bell if desired, and, if desired, they need notdip into the liquid to such an extent as to prevent the rotation of theliquid under the bell.

Fig. 23 shows several of the improved devices arranged one above theother in one apparatus so that the gases, or vapors, in their downwardcourse are treated repeatedly with the liquid. The gases, or vapors,

entering at e, the topmost stationary'bell, are drawn into the liquid bythe the upper disk d, and escape at the upper edge of the vessel 6, andpass downward and through the vessel e, -into the seccnd bell a and soon through the vessel 6' passage e, bell of, and vessel and they finallyescape below the lowermost vessel 6 through the outlet f. If the gases,or vapors, are to be atomized to an especially fine state of division inthe liquid, it is advisable to make the disks (1, a diameter theprincipally in cases rotation of same as that of the lents.

What I claim is.

.1. In pparatus for bringing gases into contact with each other, thecombination with a liquid-containing vessel, of a gas supply belldipping into the liquid and a device rotatable in the liquid inproximity to the lower part of the said bell to cause gas to be drawnfrom the said bell and atomized in the liquid,substantially asdescribed.

2. In apparatus for bringing liquids and gases into contact with eachother, the combination with a liquid containing vessel, of a stationarygas supply bell dipping into the liquid and a device rotatable in theliquid in proximity to the lower part of the said bell to cause gas tobe drawn from the said bell and atomized in the liquid, substantially asdescribed.

3. In apparatus for bringing liquids and gases into contact with eachother, the combination with a liquid containing vessel, of a stationarygas supply bell dipping into the liquid, an auxiliary bell surroundingsaid first mentioned bell and a device rotatable in the liquid inproximity to the lower part of said bells to cause gas to be drawntherefrom and atomized in the liquid.

4. In apparatus for bringing liquids and gases into contact with eachother, the combination with a liquid-containing vessel, of

gas bells, or the equivaa gas supply bell dipping into the liquid and adevice rotatable in the liquid in proximity to the lower part of thesaid bell to cause gas to be drawn from the said bell and atomized inthe liquid, and means incombination with said rotating device tending tocirculate the liquid from the lower portion of the vessel toward theupper surface thereof, substantially as described.

5. In apparatus for bringing liquids and gases into contact with eachother, the combmation with a liquid-containing vessel, of a gas supplybell dipping into the liquid and a device rotatable in the liquid inproximity to the lower part of the gas to be drawn from the said belland atomized in the liquid, together with projections on the edge of thesaid bell, substantially as described.

6. In apparatus for bringing liquids and gases into contact with eachother, the combination with a liquid containing vessel, of a gas supplybell dipping into the liquid and a device rotatable in the liquid inproximity to the lower part of the said bell to cause gas to be 'drawnfrom the said bell and projected into the liquid and means for atomizingthe same into the liquid.

7. In apparatus for bringing liquids and bination with a liquidcontaining vessel, of a gas supply bell dipping into the liquid andliquids and said bell to cause gases into contact with each other, thecoma device rotatable in the liquid in proximity name to thissnecification in the presence of q to the lower part of the said bell tocause two subscribing witnesses. 10

gas to be drawn from the said bell and pro- KARL EMIL' MARKEL, jectedinto the liquid and means for efiect- Administrator of the estate ofWalther F eld, ing an intimate mixture of said gas and V deceased;liquid in finely divided condition, for the Witnesses: purposedescribed. GILBERT FLETCHER TYsoN,

In "testimony whereof I have signed my CHARLES HENRY BAKER.

